Coryphantha - Revision history

Badmin at 12:43, 18 April 2026

2026-04-18T12:43:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:43, 18 April 2026
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	\| tribe = [[Cacteae]]		\| tribe = [[Cacteae]]
	\| genus = '''Coryphantha'''		\| genus = '''Coryphantha'''
	\| notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015) with insights from Breslin et al. (2021).		\| authority = (Engelm.) Lem.
			\| notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015) with insights from Breslin et al. (2021) and Sánchez et al. (2022).
	}}		}}

	== Etymology ==		== Etymology ==
	The name is derived from the Greek ~~words~~ ''koryphe'' (summit~~/top~~) and ''anthos'' (flower), referring to the characteristic position of the flowers at the apex of the ~~plant~~.		The name is derived from the Greek ''koryphe'' (summit) and ''anthos'' (flower), referring to the characteristic position of the flowers at the apex of the stem.

	== Description ==		== Description ==
	'''Coryphantha''' ~~comprises~~ globose to cylindrical cacti ~~that grow as~~ solitary ~~individuals~~ or form dense clumps. Their most distinguishing morphological feature is the longitudinal furrow (groove) on the upper side of the prominent tubercles. Unlike ''Mammillaria'', where flowers emerge from the axils of older tubercles, ''Coryphantha'' flowers appear at the base of the furrow on young, developing tubercles at the stem apex.		'''Coryphantha''' is a genus of globose to short cylindrical cacti, growing solitary or forming clusters.

	~~The flowers are diurnal~~, ~~relatively large~~, ~~and~~ funnel-shaped~~. They are most commonly bright~~ yellow, but ~~shades of~~ pink, magenta~~, and creamy-white also occur~~. ~~The fruits are fleshy~~, ~~typically~~ green or yellowish, ~~and contain brown or~~ black ~~seeds with a~~ smooth or finely ~~reticulated surface~~.		* '''Tubercles''': Prominent, conical, always bearing a characteristic longitudinal groove on the upper side.
			* '''Areoles''': Situated at the tubercle tips; axillary region initially woolly.
			* '''Spines''': Variable; radial spines numerous, central spines present or absent, sometimes hooked.
			* '''Flowers''': Diurnal, funnel-shaped, relatively large; typically yellow, but also pink, magenta or whitish; emerging from the apex (not from older axils as in ''Mammillaria'').
			* '''Fruits''': Fleshy, green to yellowish, elongate; becoming exposed at maturity.
			* '''Seeds''': Brown to black, smooth to finely reticulate.

			== Habitat ==
			The genus is primarily associated with the '''Chihuahuan Desert''' and adjacent regions.

			Plants grow in:
			* limestone slopes and cliffs
			* volcanic substrates
			* desert grasslands and scrub

	~~== Habitat ==~~		Altitude range: approximately 500–2700 m.
	The genus is primarily centered in the Chihuahuan Desert. They grow in diverse environments, from loamy meadows and dry prairies to steep limestone cliffs and volcanic soils. They are found at altitudes ranging from 500 m ~~to 2700 m, often growing under the protection of nurse plants in the matorral scrublands~~.

	== Distribution ==		== Distribution ==
	* '''Mexico:''' ~~Widely distributed (~~Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosí, ~~etc.).~~		* '''Mexico''': Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas and others
	* '''USA:''' Arizona, New Mexico, Texas.		* '''USA''': Arizona, New Mexico, Texas

			== Taxonomy ==
			The genus ''Coryphantha'' was established by Engelmann (1856) and later formalized by Lemaire (1868).

			According to Joël Lodé (2015), the genus is accepted as distinct within the tribe ''Cacteae''.

			Molecular studies (Breslin et al., 2021) confirm that ''Coryphantha'' belongs to the Mammilloid clade and is closely related to ''Cochemiea'' and ''Escobaria''.

			Some segregate genera have been proposed (e.g. ''Cumarinia'', ''Escobrittonia''), but are not universally accepted.

	== Species ==		== Species ==
	Joël Lodé ~~recognizes 47 species and 8 subspecies:~~		Following the classification of Joël Lodé (2015).

	* [[Coryphantha clavata]]		* [[Coryphantha clavata]]
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	* [[Coryphantha tripugionacantha]]		* [[Coryphantha tripugionacantha]]
	* [[Coryphantha vaupeliana]]		* [[Coryphantha vaupeliana]]
	* [[Coryphantha ~~voghterriana~~]]		* [[Coryphantha vogterriana]]
	* [[Coryphantha werdermannii]]		* [[Coryphantha werdermannii]]
	* [[Coryphantha wohlschlageri]]		* [[Coryphantha wohlschlageri]]

			== Phylogenetic classification ==
			Based on Sánchez et al. (2022).

			The genus is divided into two subgenera corresponding to two main clades.

			=== Subgenus Coryphantha ===
			* Sections: Corniferae, Coryphantha, Durangenses, Pycnacanthae, Robustispina

			=== Subgenus Neocoryphantha ===
			* Sections: Clavatae, Echinoideae

			A total of 46 species and 12 subspecies are recognized in this framework.

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==
	* ~~'''Phylogeny:''' According to the latest molecular research (Breslin et al., 2021), ''Coryphantha'' belongs to a specific "Mammilloid" clade. It is confirmed as distinct from ''Mammillaria'' s.s. and~~ shows ~~a close sister-group relationship with ''Cochemiea'' and ''Escobaria''~~.		* The genus shows clear division into two evolutionary lineages.
	* '''Taxonomic Segregates:''' Lodé notes that some lineages previously included in ''Coryphantha'' are now recognized as separate genera by some authors, such as ''Cumarinia'', ''Lepidocoryphantha'', and ''Neobesseya''.		* Some taxa remain unresolved (''inserta sedis'').
	* ~~'''Pollination:''' The large, nectar-rich flowers are primarily pollinated by native bees (e.g., ''Diadasia rinconis'')~~.		* Phylogenetic data refine but do not completely replace traditional taxonomy.

	[[Category:Cactaceae]]		[[Category:Cactaceae]]
	[[Category:Cactoideae]]		[[Category:Cactoideae]]
	[[Category:Cacteae]]		[[Category:Cacteae]]
			[[Category:Coryphantha]]

Badmin: Created page with "{{Taxobox | name = Coryphantha | image = Coryphantha_elephantidens.jpg | kingdom = Plantae | family = Cactaceae | subfamily = Cactoideae | tribe = Cacteae | genus = '''Coryphantha''' | notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015) with insights from Breslin et al. (2021). }} == Etymology == The name is derived from the Greek words ''koryphe'' (summit/top) and ''anthos'' (flower), referring to the characteristic position of the flowers at the apex of the pl..."

2026-04-01T14:22:16Z

Created page with "{{Taxobox | name = Coryphantha | image = Coryphantha_elephantidens.jpg | kingdom = Plantae | family = Cactaceae | subfamily = Cactoideae | tribe = Cacteae | genus = '''Coryphantha''' | notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015) with insights from Breslin et al. (2021). }} == Etymology == The name is derived from the Greek words ''koryphe'' (summit/top) and ''anthos'' (flower), referring to the characteristic position of the flowers at the apex of the pl..."

New page

{{Taxobox
| name = Coryphantha
| image = Coryphantha_elephantidens.jpg
| kingdom = [[Plantae]]
| family = [[Cactaceae]]
| subfamily = [[Cactoideae]]
| tribe = [[Cacteae]]
| genus = '''Coryphantha'''
| notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015) with insights from Breslin et al. (2021).
}}

== Etymology ==
The name is derived from the Greek words ''koryphe'' (summit/top) and ''anthos'' (flower), referring to the characteristic position of the flowers at the apex of the plant.

== Description ==
'''Coryphantha''' comprises globose to cylindrical cacti that grow as solitary individuals or form dense clumps. Their most distinguishing morphological feature is the **longitudinal furrow** (groove) on the upper side of the prominent tubercles. Unlike ''Mammillaria'', where flowers emerge from the axils of older tubercles, ''Coryphantha'' flowers appear at the base of the furrow on young, developing tubercles at the stem apex.

The flowers are diurnal, relatively large, and funnel-shaped. They are most commonly bright yellow, but shades of pink, magenta, and creamy-white also occur. The fruits are fleshy, typically green or yellowish, and contain brown or black seeds with a smooth or finely reticulated surface.

== Habitat ==
The genus is primarily centered in the **Chihuahuan Desert**. They grow in diverse environments, from loamy meadows and dry prairies to steep limestone cliffs and volcanic soils. They are found at altitudes ranging from 500 m to 2700 m, often growing under the protection of nurse plants in the matorral scrublands.

== Distribution ==
* '''Mexico:''' Widely distributed (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosí, etc.).
* '''USA:''' Arizona, New Mexico, Texas.

== Species ==
Joël Lodé recognizes 47 species and 8 subspecies:

* [[Coryphantha clavata]]
** [[Coryphantha clavata subsp. stipitata]]
* [[Coryphantha compacta]]
* [[Coryphantha cornifera]]
* [[Coryphantha delaetiana]]
* [[Coryphantha delicata]]
* [[Coryphantha difficilis]]
* [[Coryphantha durangensis]]
** [[Coryphantha durangensis subsp. cuencamensis]]
* [[Coryphantha echinoidea]]
* [[Coryphantha echinus]]
* [[Coryphantha elephantidens]]
** [[Coryphantha elephantidens subsp. bumamma]]
** [[Coryphantha elephantidens subsp. greenwoodii]]
* [[Coryphantha erecta]]
* [[Coryphantha georgii]]
* [[Coryphantha glanduligera]]
* [[Coryphantha glassii]]
* [[Coryphantha gracilis]]
* [[Coryphantha hintoniorum]]
** [[Coryphantha hintoniorum subsp. geoffreyi]]
* [[Coryphantha jalpanensis]]
* [[Coryphantha kracikii]]
* [[Coryphantha laui]]
* [[Coryphantha longicornis]]
* [[Coryphantha maiz-tablasensis]]
* [[Coryphantha melleospina]]
* [[Coryphantha neglecta]]
* [[Coryphantha nickelsiae]]
* [[Coryphantha octacantha]]
* [[Coryphantha ottonis]]
* [[Coryphantha pallida]]
** [[Coryphantha pallida subsp. calipensis]]
* [[Coryphantha poselgeriana]]
* [[Coryphantha potosiana]]
* [[Coryphantha pseudoechinus]]
* [[Coryphantha pseudonickelsiae]]
* [[Coryphantha pulleineana]]
* [[Coryphantha pycnacantha]]
* [[Coryphantha radians]]
* [[Coryphantha ramillosa]]
* [[Coryphantha recurvata]]
* [[Coryphantha reduncispina]]
* [[Coryphantha retusa]]
* [[Coryphantha robustispina]]
** [[Coryphantha robustispina subsp. scheeri]]
** [[Coryphantha robustispina subsp. uncinata]]
* [[Coryphantha salinensis]]
* [[Coryphantha sulcata]]
* [[Coryphantha sulcolanata]]
* [[Coryphantha tripugionacantha]]
* [[Coryphantha vaupeliana]]
* [[Coryphantha voghterriana]]
* [[Coryphantha werdermannii]]
* [[Coryphantha wohlschlageri]]

== Notes ==
* '''Phylogeny:''' According to the latest molecular research (Breslin et al., 2021), ''Coryphantha'' belongs to a specific "Mammilloid" clade. It is confirmed as distinct from ''Mammillaria'' s.s. and shows a close sister-group relationship with ''Cochemiea'' and ''Escobaria''.
* '''Taxonomic Segregates:''' Lodé notes that some lineages previously included in ''Coryphantha'' are now recognized as separate genera by some authors, such as ''Cumarinia'', ''Lepidocoryphantha'', and ''Neobesseya''.
* '''Pollination:''' The large, nectar-rich flowers are primarily pollinated by native bees (e.g., ''Diadasia rinconis'').

[[Category:Cactaceae]]
[[Category:Cactoideae]]
[[Category:Cacteae]]