Badmin: Created page with "{{Taxobox | name = Echinocereus | image = Echinocereus_rigidissimus.jpg | kingdom = Plantae | family = Cactaceae | subfamily = Cactoideae | tribe = Phyllocacteae | subtribe = Echinocereinae | genus = '''Echinocereus''' | notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). Includes ''Wilcoxia'', excludes ''Morangaya''. }} == Etymology == The name comes from the Greek ''echinos'' (hedgehog) and the Latin ''cereus'' (candle), referring to the spiny, often cyli..."

2026-04-03T17:23:02Z

Created page with "{{Taxobox | name = Echinocereus | image = Echinocereus_rigidissimus.jpg | kingdom = Plantae | family = Cactaceae | subfamily = Cactoideae | tribe = Phyllocacteae | subtribe = Echinocereinae | genus = '''Echinocereus''' | notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). Includes ''Wilcoxia'', excludes ''Morangaya''. }} == Etymology == The name comes from the Greek ''echinos'' (hedgehog) and the Latin ''cereus'' (candle), referring to the spiny, often cyli..."

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{{Taxobox
| name = Echinocereus
| image = Echinocereus_rigidissimus.jpg
| kingdom = [[Plantae]]
| family = [[Cactaceae]]
| subfamily = [[Cactoideae]]
| tribe = [[Phyllocacteae]]
| subtribe = [[Echinocereinae]]
| genus = '''Echinocereus'''
| notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). Includes ''Wilcoxia'', excludes ''Morangaya''.
}}

== Etymology ==
The name comes from the Greek ''echinos'' (hedgehog) and the Latin ''cereus'' (candle), referring to the spiny, often cylindrical stems.

== Description ==
'''Echinocereus''' consists of low, bushy plants that can be solitary or branched, sometimes forming massive, dense cushions.
* '''Stems:''' Globose to cylindrical, ribbed, with fibrous or tuberous roots (especially in former ''Wilcoxia'' species).
* '''Flowers:''' Diurnal, ranging from small to quite large, and always self-sterile. A key identifying feature is that the floral tube and pericarpel are covered with spines, bristles, and occasionally wool. Colors are vivid: pink, magenta, red-purple, yellow, green-yellow, brown, or rarely white. Most species have **distinctive green stigmas**. Pollination is mostly by bees and hummingbirds, rarely by bats.
* '''Fruits:''' Globose to egg-shaped, juicy and spiny. The spines often fall off when the fruit is fully ripe. They are longitudinally dehiscent or indehiscent.
* '''Seeds:''' Broadly ovate, tuberculate, and dull black. Dispersal is often carried out by lizards (**saurochory**).

== Habitat ==
Extremely diverse due to its wide range: from sea-level coastal areas (receiving sea spray) to high-altitude mountains at 2700 m. They grow in pine and oak woodlands, prairies, deserts, and on rocky cliffs. They are frequently found on limestone, but also on volcanic tuffs, granite, and sandy soils.

== Distribution ==
* '''Mexico:''' Widely distributed across nearly all northern and central states (Aguascalientes, Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora, Zacatecas, etc.).
* '''USA:''' Arizona, California, Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming.

== Species and Subspecies ==
Joël Lodé recognizes 67 species and 46 subspecies:

* [[Echinocereus acifer]]
** [[Echinocereus acifer subsp. huitcholensis]]
* [[Echinocereus adustus]]
** [[Echinocereus adustus subsp. schwarzii]]
* [[Echinocereus apachensis]]
* [[Echinocereus arizonicus]]
* [[Echinocereus barthelowanus]]
* [[Echinocereus berlandieri]]
* [[Echinocereus bonkerae]]
* [[Echinocereus brandegeei]]
* [[Echinocereus bristolii]]
* [[Echinocereus chisosensis]]
** [[Echinocereus chisosensis subsp. fobeanus]]
* [[Echinocereus cinerascens]]
** [[Echinocereus cinerascens subsp. ehrenbergii]]
** [[Echinocereus cinerascens subsp. septentrionalis]]
** [[Echinocereus cinerascens subsp. tulensis]]
* [[Echinocereus coccineus]]
** [[Echinocereus coccineus subsp. paucispinus]]
* [[Echinocereus dasyacanthus]]
** [[Echinocereus dasyacanthus subsp. ctenoides]]
* [[Echinocereus engelmannii]]
* [[Echinocereus enneacanthus]]
** [[Echinocereus enneacanthus subsp. brevispinus]]
* [[Echinocereus fasciculatus]]
** [[Echinocereus fasciculatus subsp. boyce-thompsonii]]
* [[Echinocereus fendleri]]
** [[Echinocereus fendleri subsp. hempelii]]
** [[Echinocereus fendleri subsp. rectispinus]]
* [[Echinocereus ferreirianus]]
** [[Echinocereus ferreirianus subsp. lindsayi]]
* [[Echinocereus freudenbergeri]]
* [[Echinocereus grandis]]
* [[Echinocereus klapperi]]
* [[Echinocereus knippelianus]]
** [[Echinocereus knippelianus subsp. kruegeri]]
** [[Echinocereus knippelianus subsp. reyesii]]
* [[Echinocereus kroenleinii]]
* [[Echinocereus laui]]
* [[Echinocereus ledingii]]
* [[Echinocereus leucanthus]]
* [[Echinocereus longisetus]]
** [[Echinocereus longisetus subsp. delaetii]]
* [[Echinocereus mapimiensis]]
* [[Echinocereus maritimus]]
** [[Echinocereus maritimus subsp. hancockii]]
* [[Echinocereus metornii]]
* [[Echinocereus mombergerianus]]
* [[Echinocereus nicholii]]
* [[Echinocereus nivosus]]
* [[Echinocereus ortegae]]
** [[Echinocereus ortegae subsp. koehresianus]]
* [[Echinocereus pacificus]]
* [[Echinocereus palmeri]]
** [[Echinocereus palmeri subsp. mazapil]]
* [[Echinocereus pamanesiorum]]
** [[Echinocereus pamanesiorum subsp. bonatzii]]
* [[Echinocereus papillosus]]
* [[Echinocereus parkeri]]
** [[Echinocereus parkeri subsp. arteagensis]]
** [[Echinocereus parkeri subsp. gonzalezii]]
** [[Echinocereus parkeri subsp. mazapilensis]]
* [[Echinocereus pectinatus]]
** [[Echinocereus pectinatus subsp. wenigeri]]
* [[Echinocereus pentalophus]]
** [[Echinocereus pentalophus subsp. leonensis]]
** [[Echinocereus pentalophus subsp. procumbens]]
* [[Echinocereus polyacanthus]]
* [[Echinocereus poselgeri]]
* [[Echinocereus primolanatus]]
* [[Echinocereus pseudopectinatus]]
* [[Echinocereus pulchellus]]
** [[Echinocereus pulchellus subsp. acanthosetus]]
** [[Echinocereus pulchellus subsp. sharpii]]
** [[Echinocereus pulchellus subsp. weinbergii]]
* [[Echinocereus rayonesensis]]
* [[Echinocereus reichenbachii]]
** [[Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. armatus]]
** [[Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. baileyi]]
** [[Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. burrensis]]
** [[Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. fitchii]]
** [[Echinocereus reichenbachii subsp. perbellus]]
* [[Echinocereus rigidissimus]]
** [[Echinocereus rigidissimus subsp. rubispinus]]
* [[Echinocereus russanthus]]
* [[Echinocereus salm-dyckianus]]
* [[Echinocereus santaritensis]]
* [[Echinocereus scheeri]]
** [[Echinocereus scheeri subsp. gentryi]]
* [[Echinocereus schereri]]
* [[Echinocereus schmollii]]
* [[Echinocereus sciurus]]
** [[Echinocereus sciurus subsp. floresii]]
* [[Echinocereus scopulorum]]
* [[Echinocereus spinigemmatus]]
* [[Echinocereus stoloniferus]]
** [[Echinocereus stoloniferus subsp. tayopensis]]
* [[Echinocereus stramineus]]
** [[Echinocereus stramineus subsp. occidentalis]]
* [[Echinocereus subinermis]]
** [[Echinocereus subinermis subsp. ochoterenae]]
* [[Echinocereus tamaulipensis]]
* [[Echinocereus triglochidiatus]]
** [[Echinocereus triglochidiatus subsp. mojavensis]]
* [[Echinocereus viereckii]]
** [[Echinocereus viereckii subsp. morricalii]]
* [[Echinocereus viridiflorus]]
** [[Echinocereus viridiflorus subsp. chloranthus]]
** [[Echinocereus viridiflorus subsp. correllii]]
** [[Echinocereus viridiflorus subsp. cylindricus]]
** [[Echinocereus viridiflorus subsp. davisii]]
* [[Echinocereus waldeisii]]
* [[Echinocereus websterianus]]

=== Natural Hybrids ===
* [[Echinocereus x roetteri]]

== Notes ==
* '''Phylogenetic position:''' While often placed in ''Pachycereeae'', Lodé maintains its position within the tribe '''Phyllocacteae''' (subtribe '''Echinocereinae''') based on chromosomal and molecular data.
* '''Wilcoxia:''' Biochemical and molecular studies (Arias et al., 2005) confirm that species previously belonging to ''Wilcoxia'' (like ''E. poselgeri'') are nested within ''Echinocereus''.
* '''Morangaya:''' DNA analysis shows that ''E. pensilis'' is distinct and belongs to the genus '''Morangaya'''.

[[Category:Cactaceae]]
[[Category:Cactoideae]]
[[Category:Phyllocacteae]]
[[Category:Echinocereinae]]

Echinocereus - Revision history