Badmin: Created page with "{{Taxobox | name = Echinopsis | image = Echinopsis_leucantha.jpg | kingdom = Plantae | family = Cactaceae | subfamily = Cactoideae | tribe = Cereeae | subtribe = Trichocereinae | genus = '''Echinopsis''' | authority = Zuccarini (1837) | notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). Lodé treats Trichocereus, Lobivia, and Setiechinopsis as distinct genera. }} == Etymology == Derived from the Greek ''echinos'' (hedgehog or sea-urchin) and '..."

2026-04-05T16:56:10Z

Created page with "{{Taxobox | name = Echinopsis | image = Echinopsis_leucantha.jpg | kingdom = Plantae | family = Cactaceae | subfamily = Cactoideae | tribe = Cereeae | subtribe = Trichocereinae | genus = '''Echinopsis''' | authority = Zuccarini (1837) | notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). Lodé treats Trichocereus, Lobivia, and Setiechinopsis as distinct genera. }} == Etymology == Derived from the Greek ''echinos'' (hedgehog or sea-urchin) and '..."

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{{Taxobox
| name = Echinopsis
| image = Echinopsis_leucantha.jpg
| kingdom = [[Plantae]]
| family = [[Cactaceae]]
| subfamily = [[Cactoideae]]
| tribe = [[Cereeae]]
| subtribe = [[Trichocereinae]]
| genus = '''Echinopsis'''
| authority = Zuccarini (1837)
| notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). Lodé treats [[Trichocereus]], [[Lobivia]], and [[Setiechinopsis]] as distinct genera.
}}

== Etymology ==
Derived from the Greek ''echinos'' (hedgehog or sea-urchin) and ''opsis'' (appearance), referring to the typical globose and spiny form of these plants.

== Description ==
'''Echinopsis''' includes plants that are typically globose, often becoming elongated with age, and frequently caespitose (forming clumps).
* '''Stems:''' Feature ribs that are often protruding and more or less flattened.
* '''Flowers:''' Predominantly nocturnal and white, though some diurnal yellow or red forms exist. They are characterized by a very long, hairy floral tube and are pollinated by bees or hawk-moths (Sphingidae).
* '''Fruits and Seeds:''' Fruits are spherical to egg-shaped and more or less hairy. Seeds are small, black, and can be reticulate, striate, or papillose. Dispersal is primarily by ants (myrmecochory).

== Habitat ==
Species grow in woodlands or grasslands, particularly in meadows with rocky outcrops. [cite: 1007] They are found on stony soils and in rock crevices, often under a humid climate with a distinct dry season. [cite: 1007] Altitudinal range is from 400 m up to 2400 m. [cite: 1007]

== Distribution ==
Widespread across South America:
* '''Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.''' [cite: 1007]

== Species ==
Following the restricted circumscription by Lodé (2015), the genus is reduced to approximately 23 species (excluding former ''Trichocereus'' and ''Lobivia''): [cite: 1007]

* [[Echinopsis adolfofriedrichii]]
* [[Echinopsis albispinosa]] (syn. ''E. silvestrii'')
* [[Echinopsis ancistrophora]]
* [[Echinopsis ayopayana]]
* [[Echinopsis boyuibensis]]
* [[Echinopsis bridgesii]] (Note: Not ''Trichocereus bridgesii'')
** [[Echinopsis bridgesii subsp. vallegrandensis]]
** [[Echinopsis bridgesii subsp. yungasensis]]
* [[Echinopsis calochlora]]
* [[Echinopsis comarapana]]
* [[Echinopsis coronata]]
* [[Echinopsis eyriesii]] (Type species)
* [[Echinopsis hammerschmidii]]
* [[Echinopsis klingeriana]]
* [[Echinopsis leucantha]]
* [[Echinopsis mamillosa]]
* [[Echinopsis minuana]]
* [[Echinopsis oxygona]]
* [[Echinopsis pamparuizii]]
* [[Echinopsis rhodotricha]]
* [[Echinopsis rojasii]]
* [[Echinopsis semidenudata]]
* [[Echinopsis subdenudata]]
* [[Echinopsis sucrensis]]
* [[Echinopsis tubiflora]]

== Taxonomy and Controversy ==
Lodé argues that the traditional "lumping" of ''Trichocereus'' and ''Lobivia'' into ''Echinopsis'' is unjustified because molecular studies show the group is not monophyletic. He maintains that:
* '''Trichocereus''' consists of larger, cereiform plants with massive nocturnal flowers. [cite: 1006]
* '''Lobivia''' generally features smaller plants with colorful diurnal flowers. [cite: 1006]
* '''Setiechinopsis''' is a distinct genus based on cytogenetic differences. [cite: 1006]

[[Category:Cactaceae]]
[[Category:Cactoideae]]
[[Category:Cereeae]]
[[Category:Trichocereinae]]

Echinopsis - Revision history