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| genus = '''Notocactus'''
| genus = '''Notocactus'''
| authority = (Schumann) Frič (1928)
| authority = (Schumann) Frič (1928)
| notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). Lodé separates Notocactus from Parodia based on seed and floral morphology.
| notes = Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). The genus ''Notocactus'' is treated here in the strict sense (s.s.), distinct from ''Parodia''.
}}
}}


== Etymology ==
== Etymology ==
The name is derived from the Greek ''notos'' (south), referring to its distribution in the southern part of South America.
The name is derived from the Greek ''notos'' (south), referring to the southern distribution of the genus in South America.


== Description ==
== Description ==
'''Notocactus''' consists of small-to-medium globose or shortly cylindrical cacti, very popular for their easy cultivation and beautiful flowers.
'''Notocactus''' is a genus of small to medium-sized cacti, globose to shortly cylindrical, sometimes becoming elongated with age.
* '''Stems''': Typically globose, often becoming columnar with age.
 
* '''Flowers''': Usually large, funnel-shaped, and mostly yellow (though some are pink or red). A key feature is the often bright red or purple stigma lobes.
* '''Stems''': Usually solitary or forming clumps, ribbed to strongly tuberculate, often with a depressed apex.
* '''Seeds''': Generally larger and different in structure compared to ''Parodia''.
* '''Areoles''': Typically woolly.
* '''Spines''': Mostly straight or flexible, rarely hooked.
* '''Flowers''': Diurnal, funnel-shaped, usually yellow but also pink, orange or purple; appearing near the apex.
* '''Fruits''': Ovoid to globose, fleshy, elongating when ripe and drying; dehiscing basally or longitudinally.
* '''Seeds''': Black, often bell- or hat-shaped, rough and tuberculate; dispersed mainly by ants.


== Distribution ==
== Distribution ==
* '''South America''': Southern Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Northern Argentina.
* '''South America''':
Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, La Pampa, Mendoza, Misiones, Río Negro, Salta, San Luis), 
Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul), 
Paraguay (Cordillera, Itapúa, Paraguarí), 
Uruguay (Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Durazno, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandú, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, Tacuarembó, Treinta y Tres).
 
== Taxonomy ==
The genus ''Notocactus'' was originally described by Schumann (1899) as a subgenus of ''Echinocactus'' and later elevated to genus rank by Frič (1928).
 
The taxonomic status of ''Notocactus'' has long been debated. Some authors (e.g. Hunt & Taylor) included it within ''Parodia'', while others maintain it as a distinct genus.
 
According to Joël Lodé (2015), ''Notocactus sensu stricto'' represents a valid genus, distinguishable from ''Parodia'' based on seed morphology, floral structure, and biogeographic patterns.
 
Molecular studies have shown complex relationships within the group, and the classification remains subject to future revision.
 
== Species ==
Following the classification of Joël Lodé (2015).


=== Species and Subspecies List ===
* [[Notocactus allosiphon]]
''Note: Species with recognized subspecies are in bold.''
* [[Notocactus arnostianus]]
* [[Notocactus arnostianus]]
* [[Notocactus brevihamatus]]
* [[Notocactus buiningii]]
* [[Notocactus buiningii]]
* '''[[Notocactus concinnus]]'''
* [[Notocactus carambeiensis]]
** [[Notocactus concinnus subsp. concinnus]]
* [[Notocactus concinnus]]
** [[Notocactus concinnus subsp. agnetae]]
** [[Notocactus concinnus subsp. agnetae]]
** [[Notocactus concinnus subsp. blaauwianus]]
** [[Notocactus concinnus subsp. multicostatus]]
* [[Notocactus curvispinus]]
* [[Notocactus crassigibbus]]
* '''[[Notocactus erinaceus]]'''
** [[Notocactus erinaceus subsp. erinaceus]]
** [[Notocactus erinaceus subsp. schaeferianus]]
* [[Notocactus fuscus]]
* [[Notocactus fuscus]]
* '''[[Notocactus graessneri]]'''
* [[Notocactus gauchus]]
** [[Notocactus graessneri subsp. graessneri]]
* [[Notocactus herteri]]
** [[Notocactus graessneri subsp. angustispinus]]
* '''[[Notocactus haselbergii]]'''
** [[Notocactus haselbergii subsp. haselbergii]]
** [[Notocactus haselbergii subsp. albisetosus]]
* '''[[Notocactus herteri]]'''
** [[Notocactus herteri subsp. herteri]]
** [[Notocactus herteri subsp. roseoluteus]]
** [[Notocactus herteri subsp. roseoluteus]]
* '''[[Notocactus horstii]]'''
* [[Notocactus horstii]]
** [[Notocactus horstii subsp. horstii]]
** [[Notocactus horstii subsp. megalanthus]]
* [[Notocactus leninghausii]]
* [[Notocactus linkii]]
* [[Notocactus linkii]]
* [[Notocactus magnificus]]
* [[Notocactus mammulosus]]
* '''[[Notocactus mammulosus]]'''
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. mammulosus]]
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. brasiliensis]]
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. brasiliensis]]
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. erythracanthus]]
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. erythracanthus]]
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. eugeniae]]
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. eugeniae]]
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. submammulosus]]
** [[Notocactus mammulosus subsp. turecekianus]]
* [[Notocactus mueller-melchersii]]
** [[Notocactus mueller-melchersii subsp. gutierrezii]]
** [[Notocactus mueller-melchersii subsp. winkleri]]
* [[Notocactus muricatus]]
* [[Notocactus muricatus]]
* [[Notocactus neobuenekeri]]
* [[Notocactus neobuenekeri]]
* '''[[Notocactus ottonis]]'''
* [[Notocactus ottonis]]
** [[Notocactus ottonis subsp. ottonis]]
* [[Notocactus oxycostatus]]
** [[Notocactus ottonis subsp. horstii]]
* [[Notocactus rauschii]]
* '''[[Notocactus oxycostatus]]'''
* [[Notocactus rudibuenekeri]]
** [[Notocactus oxycostatus subsp. oxycostatus]]
* [[Notocactus rutilans]]
** [[Notocactus oxycostatus subsp. gracilis]]
** [[Notocactus rutilans subsp. veenianus]]
* [[Notocactus rechensis]]
* [[Notocactus schlosseri]]
* [[Notocactus schlosseri]]
* '''[[Notocactus scopa]]'''
* [[Notocactus scopa]]
** [[Notocactus scopa subsp. scopa]]
** [[Notocactus scopa subsp. marchesii]]
** [[Notocactus scopa subsp. marchesii]]
** [[Notocactus scopa subsp. succineus]]
** [[Notocactus scopa subsp. succineus]]
* [[Notocactus stockingeri]]
* [[Notocactus stockingeri]]
* [[Notocactus submammulosus]]
* [[Notocactus tabularis]]
* [[Notocactus tabularia]]
** [[Notocactus tabularis subsp. bommeljei]]
* '''[[Notocactus uebelmannianus]]'''
* [[Notocactus tenuicylindricus]]
** [[Notocactus uebelmannianus subsp. uebelmannianus]]
* [[Notocactus turecekianus]]
* [[Notocactus uebelmannianus]]
** [[Notocactus uebelmannianus subsp. pleiocephalus]]
** [[Notocactus uebelmannianus subsp. pleiocephalus]]
* '''[[Notocactus werneri]]'''
* [[Notocactus vanvlietii]]
** [[Notocactus werneri subsp. werneri]]
* [[Notocactus werdermannianus]]
** [[Notocactus werneri subsp. pleiocephalus]]
 
== Notes ==
* The genus shows high morphological variability, especially in species complexes such as ''N. concinnus'', ''N. mammulosus'', ''N. ottonis'', and ''N. scopa''.
* Many taxa are connected by intermediate populations, complicating strict classification.
* Future phylogenetic studies may further refine the limits of the genus.
 
[[Category:Cactaceae]]
[[Category:Cactoideae]]
[[Category:Notocacteae]]
[[Category:Notocactus]]

Latest revision as of 13:13, 15 April 2026

Notocactus
File:Notocactus ottonis.jpg
Kingdom Plantae
Family Cactaceae
Subfamily Cactoideae
Tribe Notocacteae
SubTribe
Genus Notocactus
Species
Notes Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). The genus Notocactus is treated here in the strict sense (s.s.), distinct from Parodia.

Etymology

The name is derived from the Greek notos (south), referring to the southern distribution of the genus in South America.

Description

Notocactus is a genus of small to medium-sized cacti, globose to shortly cylindrical, sometimes becoming elongated with age.

  • Stems: Usually solitary or forming clumps, ribbed to strongly tuberculate, often with a depressed apex.
  • Areoles: Typically woolly.
  • Spines: Mostly straight or flexible, rarely hooked.
  • Flowers: Diurnal, funnel-shaped, usually yellow but also pink, orange or purple; appearing near the apex.
  • Fruits: Ovoid to globose, fleshy, elongating when ripe and drying; dehiscing basally or longitudinally.
  • Seeds: Black, often bell- or hat-shaped, rough and tuberculate; dispersed mainly by ants.

Distribution

  • South America:

Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, La Pampa, Mendoza, Misiones, Río Negro, Salta, San Luis), Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay (Cordillera, Itapúa, Paraguarí), Uruguay (Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Durazno, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandú, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, Tacuarembó, Treinta y Tres).

Taxonomy

The genus Notocactus was originally described by Schumann (1899) as a subgenus of Echinocactus and later elevated to genus rank by Frič (1928).

The taxonomic status of Notocactus has long been debated. Some authors (e.g. Hunt & Taylor) included it within Parodia, while others maintain it as a distinct genus.

According to Joël Lodé (2015), Notocactus sensu stricto represents a valid genus, distinguishable from Parodia based on seed morphology, floral structure, and biogeographic patterns.

Molecular studies have shown complex relationships within the group, and the classification remains subject to future revision.

Species

Following the classification of Joël Lodé (2015).

Notes

  • The genus shows high morphological variability, especially in species complexes such as N. concinnus, N. mammulosus, N. ottonis, and N. scopa.
  • Many taxa are connected by intermediate populations, complicating strict classification.
  • Future phylogenetic studies may further refine the limits of the genus.
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