Mammillaria: Difference between revisions

From M&J Cactus Wiki
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| [[Mammillaria guelzowiana]] || —
| [[Mammillaria guelzowiana]] || —
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=== Species List 51-90 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
! Species !! Subspecies (according to Lodé)
|-
| [[Mammillaria guerreronis]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria haageana]] ||
* [[Mammillaria haageana subsp. haageana]]
* [[Mammillaria haageana subsp. conspicua]]
* [[Mammillaria haageana subsp. elegans]]
* [[Mammillaria haageana subsp. schmollii]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria hahniana]] ||
* [[Mammillaria hahniana subsp. hahniana]]
* [[Mammillaria hahniana subsp. bravoae]]
* [[Mammillaria hahniana subsp. mendeliana]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria hernandezii]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria herrerae]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria heyderi]] ||
* [[Mammillaria heyderi subsp. heyderi]]
* [[Mammillaria heyderi subsp. gaumeri]]
* [[Mammillaria heyderi subsp. gummifera]]
* [[Mammillaria heyderi subsp. hemisphaerica]]
* [[Mammillaria heyderi subsp. macdougalii]]
* [[Mammillaria heyderi subsp. meiacantha]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria huitzilopochtli]] ||
* [[Mammillaria huitzilopochtli subsp. huitzilopochtli]]
* [[Mammillaria huitzilopochtli subsp. niduliformis]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria humboldtii]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria hutchisoniana]] ||
* [[Mammillaria hutchisoniana subsp. hutchisoniana]]
* [[Mammillaria hutchisoniana subsp. louisae]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria insularis]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria jaliscana]] ||
* [[Mammillaria jaliscana subsp. jaliscana]]
* [[Mammillaria jaliscana subsp. zacatecasensis]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria johnstonii]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria karwinskiana]] ||
* [[Mammillaria karwinskiana subsp. karwinskiana]]
* [[Mammillaria karwinskiana subsp. beiselii]]
* [[Mammillaria karwinskiana subsp. collinsii]]
* [[Mammillaria karwinskiana subsp. nejapensis]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria klissingiana]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria knippeliana]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria kraehenbuehlii]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria lasiacantha]] ||
* [[Mammillaria lasiacantha subsp. lasiacantha]]
* [[Mammillaria lasiacantha subsp. hyaline]]
* [[Mammillaria lasiacantha subsp. magallanii]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria laui]] ||
* [[Mammillaria laui subsp. laui]]
* [[Mammillaria laui subsp. dasyacantha]]
* [[Mammillaria laui subsp. subducta]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria lentis]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria lindsayi]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria lloydii]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria longicoma]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria longiflora]] ||
* [[Mammillaria longiflora subsp. longiflora]]
* [[Mammillaria longiflora subsp. stamperi]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria longimamma]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria luethyi]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria magnifica]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria magnimamma]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria mainiae]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria mammillaris]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria marksiana]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria mathildae]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria matudae]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria mazatlanensis]] ||
* [[Mammillaria mazatlanensis subsp. mazatlanensis]]
* [[Mammillaria mazatlanensis subsp. patonii]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria melaleuca]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria melanocentra]] ||
* [[Mammillaria melanocentra subsp. melanocentra]]
* [[Mammillaria melanocentra subsp. linaresensis]]
* [[Mammillaria melanocentra subsp. rubrograndis]]
|-
| [[Mammillaria mercadensis]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria meyranii]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria microhelia]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria mieheana]] || —
|-
| [[Mammillaria moelleriana]] || —
|}
|}



Revision as of 17:33, 9 April 2026

Mammillaria
File:Mammillaria hahniana.jpg
Kingdom Plantae
Family Cactaceae
Subfamily Cactoideae
Tribe Cacteae
SubTribe
Genus Mammillaria
Species
Notes Taxonomy follows Joël Lodé (2015). The largest and most popular genus in the family Cactaceae.

Etymology

The name is derived from the Latin mammilla (nipple or teat), referring to the characteristic tubercles (mammillae) that cover the plant's body instead of ribs.

Description

Mammillaria is the most diverse and widely cultivated genus of cacti. It is defined by several unique morphological features that distinguish it from all other members of the tribe Cacteae.

Morphological Key Features

  • Tubercles (Mammillae): The plant body is covered in spirally arranged tubercles rather than ribs. These are organized in mathematical patterns (Fibonacci sequences).
  • Dimorphic Areoles: The areole is split into two distinct parts:
    • The Apex (Tip): Bears the spines.
    • The Axil (Base): Located between the tubercles, this is where flowers, fruits, and new offsets (branches) emerge.
  • Floral Ring: Flowers typically appear in a circular "crown" around the previous year's growth, rather than from the very top of the plant.
  • Sap: Species are often categorized by their sap:
    • Hydrochyle: With watery sap (mostly desert species).
    • Galactochyle: With milky latex (often more robust, mountain species).

Habitat and Ecology

Mammillarias are found in a vast range of environments—from coastal plains and limestone deserts to high-altitude pine forests. They have evolved incredible survival mechanisms, such as dense wool or hooked spines for protection and camouflage.

Distribution

  • Primary Center of Diversity: Mexico.
  • Extending to: Southwestern USA, Caribbean, Guatemala, Honduras, Colombia, and Venezuela.

Classification by Joël Lodé

Following the taxonomy of Joël Lodé (2015), the genus is maintained in a broad sense but strictly organized. Lodé recognizes:

  • 160 Species
  • 149 Subspecies

The genus is further divided into subgenera and sections based on seed morphology and floral structure:

  1. Subgenus Mammillaria (The largest group)
  2. Subgenus Phellosperma
  3. Subgenus Dolichothele
  4. Subgenus Cochemiea (Partial inclusion)

Species List 1-20

Species Subspecies (according to Lodé)
Mammillaria albicoma
Mammillaria albiflora
Mammillaria albilanata
Mammillaria anniana
Mammillaria aureilanata
Mammillaria backebergiana
Mammillaria barbata
Mammillaria baumii
Mammillaria beneckei
Mammillaria bertholdii
Mammillaria blossfeldiana
Mammillaria bocasana
Mammillaria bocensis
Mammillaria boelderliana
Mammillaria bombycina
Mammillaria boolii
Mammillaria brandegeei
Mammillaria capensis
Mammillaria carmenae
Mammillaria carretii

Species List 21-50

Species Subspecies (according to Lodé)
Mammillaria coahuilensis
Mammillaria columbiana
Mammillaria compressa
Mammillaria crinita
Mammillaria crucigera
Mammillaria decipiens
Mammillaria deherdtiana
Mammillaria densispina
Mammillaria dioica
Mammillaria discolor
Mammillaria dixanthocentron
Mammillaria duoformis
Mammillaria duwei
Mammillaria echinate
Mammillaria eichlamii
Mammillaria elongata
Mammillaria eriacantha
Mammillaria erythrosperma
Mammillaria evermanniana
Mammillaria fittkaui
Mammillaria flavicentra
Mammillaria formosa
Mammillaria gasseriana
Mammillaria geminispina
Mammillaria gigantea
Mammillaria glassii
Mammillaria glochidiata
Mammillaria grahamii
Mammillaria grusonii
Mammillaria guelzowiana


Species List 51-90

Species Subspecies (according to Lodé)
Mammillaria guerreronis
Mammillaria haageana
Mammillaria hahniana
Mammillaria hernandezii
Mammillaria herrerae
Mammillaria heyderi
Mammillaria huitzilopochtli
Mammillaria humboldtii
Mammillaria hutchisoniana
Mammillaria insularis
Mammillaria jaliscana
Mammillaria johnstonii
Mammillaria karwinskiana
Mammillaria klissingiana
Mammillaria knippeliana
Mammillaria kraehenbuehlii
Mammillaria lasiacantha
Mammillaria laui
Mammillaria lentis
Mammillaria lindsayi
Mammillaria lloydii
Mammillaria longicoma
Mammillaria longiflora
Mammillaria longimamma
Mammillaria luethyi
Mammillaria magnifica
Mammillaria magnimamma
Mammillaria mainiae
Mammillaria mammillaris
Mammillaria marksiana
Mammillaria mathildae
Mammillaria matudae
Mammillaria mazatlanensis
Mammillaria melaleuca
Mammillaria melanocentra
Mammillaria mercadensis
Mammillaria meyranii
Mammillaria microhelia
Mammillaria mieheana
Mammillaria moelleriana

Species List

Note: Due to the large number of taxa, the species list is organized alphabetically and by sub-groups. See the sub-pages for detailed descriptions of each species.

Mammillaria Species List (A-Z)

Taxonomy

Lodé rejects the extreme splitting of the genus but also excludes certain groups like Mammilloydia and Cochemiea (partially) based on modern molecular phylogenetics which show they are distinct lineages. His work in Volume 2 (pp. 6-111) remains the most comprehensive modern treatment of the genus.