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== Classification of Cactaceae (McGinnie et al., 2025) ==
== Classification of Cactaceae (McGinnie et al., 2025) ==


The following hierarchical structure reflects the revised classification based on phylogenomic analysis of nuclear genes[cite: 4, 12, 106]. Paraphyletic taxa are indicated with an asterisk (*)[cite: 714].
This hierarchical list represents the updated classification of the cactus family. Paraphyletic taxa are indicated with an asterisk (*).


* '''Subfamily Leuenbergerioideae''' [cite: 15, 701]
* '''Subfamily [[Leuenbergerioideae]]'''
** ''Leuenbergeria'' [cite: 715, 857]
** [[Leuenbergeria]]


* '''Subfamily Pereskioideae''' [cite: 15, 701]
* '''Subfamily [[Pereskioideae]]'''
** ''Pereskia'' [cite: 715, 872]
** [[Pereskia]]


* '''Subfamily Opuntioideae''' [cite: 15, 407, 701]
* '''Subfamily [[Opuntioideae]]'''
** Tribe Opuntieae [cite: 16, 407, 715]
** Tribe [[Opuntieae]]
*** ''Airampoa, Brasiliopuntia, Consolea, Miqueliopuntia, Opuntia, Salmonopuntia, Tacinga'' [cite: 715, 903-910]
*** [[Airampoa]], [[Brasiliopuntia]], [[Consolea]], [[Miqueliopuntia]], [[Opuntia]], [[Salmonopuntia]], [[Tacinga]]
** Tribe Cylindropuntieae [cite: 16, 407, 715]
** Tribe [[Cylindropuntieae]]
*** ''Cylindropuntia, Grusonia, Micropuntia, Pereskiopsis, Quiabentia'' [cite: 715, 936-941]
*** [[Cylindropuntia]], [[Grusonia]], [[Micropuntia]], [[Pereskiopsis]], [[Quiabentia]]
** Tribe Pterocacteae [cite: 16, 407, 715]
** Tribe [[Pterocacteae]]
*** ''Austrocylindropuntia, Cumulopuntia, Maihueniopsis, Pterocactus, Tephrocactus'' [cite: 715, 959-963]
*** [[Austrocylindropuntia]], [[Cumulopuntia]], [[Maihueniopsis]], [[Pterocactus]], [[Tephrocactus]]


* '''Subfamily Maihuenioideae''' [cite: 15, 701, 985]
* '''Subfamily [[Maihuenioideae]]'''
** ''Maihuenia'' [cite: 715, 986]
** [[Maihuenia]]


* '''Subfamily Blossfeldioideae''' [cite: 15, 505, 701]
* '''Subfamily [[Blossfeldioideae]]'''
** ''Blossfeldia'' [cite: 715, 993]
** [[Blossfeldia]]


* '''Subfamily Cactoideae''' [cite: 15, 701, 1000]
* '''Subfamily [[Cactoideae]]'''
** Tribe Lymanbensonieae [cite: 16, 715, 808]
** Tribe [[Lymanbensonieae]]
*** ''Calymmanthium, Lymanbensonia'' [cite: 715, 1019-1020]
*** [[Calymmanthium]], [[Lymanbensonia]]
** Tribe Copiapoeae [cite: 16, 715, 811]
** Tribe [[Copiapoeae]]
*** ''Copiapoa'' [cite: 715, 1035]
*** [[Copiapoa]]
** Tribe Cacteae [cite: 16, 715, 1044]
** Tribe [[Cacteae]]
*** Subtribe *Echinocactinae [cite: 16, 715, 819]
*** Subtribe *[[Echinocactinae]]
**** ''Astrophytum, Aztekium, Echinocactus, Geohintonia, Sclerocactus'' [cite: 715, 1057-1059]
**** [[Astrophytum]], [[Aztekium]], [[Echinocactus]], [[Geohintonia]], [[Sclerocactus]]
*** Subtribe Ferocactinae [cite: 16, 715, 1067]
*** Subtribe [[Ferocactinae]]
**** ''Ferocactus, Glandulicactus, Kroenleinia, Leuchtenbergia, Stenocactus, Thelocactus'' [cite: 715, 1071-1074]
**** [[Ferocactus]], [[Glandulicactus]], [[Kroenleinia]], [[Leuchtenbergia]], [[Stenocactus]], [[Thelocactus]]
*** Subtribe Cactinae [cite: 16, 715, 1082]
*** Subtribe [[Cactinae]]
**** ''Acharagma, Ariocarpus, Cochemiea, Coryphantha, Cumarinia, Epithelantha, Escobaria, Kadenicarpus, Lophophora, Mammillaria, Mammilloydia, Neolloydia, Obregonia, Oehmea, Ortegocactus, Pediocactus, Pelecyphora, Rapicactus, Strombocactus, Turbinicarpus'' [cite: 715, 1086-1107]
**** [[Acharagma]], [[Ariocarpus]], [[Cochemiea]], [[Coryphantha]], [[Cumarinia]], [[Epithelantha]], [[Escobaria]], [[Kadenicarpus]], [[Lophophora]], [[Mammillaria]], [[Mammilloydia]], [[Neolloydia]], [[Obregonia]], [[Oehmea]], [[Ortegocactus]], [[Pediocactus]], [[Pelecyphora]], [[Rapicactus]], [[Strombocactus]], [[Turbinicarpus]]
** Tribe Phyllocacteae [cite: 16, 715, 1163]
** Tribe [[Phyllocacteae]]
*** Subtribe *Corryocactinae [cite: 16, 715, 823]
*** Subtribe *[[Corryocactinae]]
**** ''Austrocactus, Brachycereus, Corryocactus, Eulychnia, Jasminocereus, Neoraimondia, Pfeiffera, Strophocactus'' [cite: 715, 1171-1180]
**** [[Austrocactus]], [[Brachycereus]], [[Corryocactus]], [[Eulychnia]], [[Jasminocereus]], [[Neoraimondia]], [[Pfeiffera]], [[Strophocactus]]
*** Subtribe Leptocereinae [cite: 16, 715, 825]
*** Subtribe [[Leptocereinae]]
**** ''Armatocereus, Castellanosia, Leptocereus'' [cite: 715, 1212-1213]
**** [[Armatocereus]], [[Castellanosia]], [[Leptocereus]]
*** Subtribe Hylocereinae [cite: 16, 715, 828]
*** Subtribe [[Hylocereinae]]
**** ''Acanthocereus, Aporocactus, Disocactus, Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, Kimnachia, Pseudorhipsalis, Selenicereus, Weberocereus'' [cite: 715, 1231-1238]
**** [[Acanthocereus]], [[Aporocactus]], [[Disocactus]], [[Epiphyllum]], [[Hylocereus]], [[Kimnachia]], [[Pseudorhipsalis]], [[Selenicereus]], [[Weberocereus]]
*** Subtribe Echinocereinae [cite: 16, 715, 830]
*** Subtribe [[Echinocereinae]]
**** ''Backebergia, Bergerocactus, Carnegiea, Cephalocereus, Echinocereus, Escontria, Isolatocereus, Lemaireocereus, Lophocereus, Marginatocereus, Marshallocereus, Myrtillocactus, Nyctocereus, Pachycereus, Peniocereus, Polaskia, Pterocereus, Stenocereus'' [cite: 715, 1285-1307, 1330-1335]
**** [[Backebergia]], [[Bergerocactus]], [[Carnegiea]], [[Cephalocereus]], [[Echinocereus]], [[Escontria]], [[Isolatocereus]], [[Lemaireocereus]], [[Lophocereus]], [[Marginatocereus]], [[Marshallocereus]], [[Myrtillocactus]], [[Nyctocereus]], [[Pachycereus]], [[Peniocereus]], [[Polaskia]], [[Pterocereus]], [[Stenocereus]]
** Tribe Fraileeae [cite: 16, 715, 815]
** Tribe [[Fraileeae]]
*** ''Frailea'' [cite: 715, 1351]
*** [[Frailea]]
** Tribe Rhipsalideae [cite: 16, 715, 1357]
** Tribe [[Rhipsalideae]]
*** ''Hatiora, Lepismium, Rhipsalidopsis, Rhipsalis, Schlumbergera'' [cite: 715, 1359-1362]
*** [[Hatiora]], [[Lepismium]], [[Rhipsalidopsis]], [[Rhipsalis]], [[Schlumbergera]]
** Tribe Notocacteae [cite: 16, 715, 1378]
** Tribe [[Notocacteae]]
*** ''Eriosyce, Neowerdermannia, Parodia, Yavia'' [cite: 715, 1381-1387]
*** [[Eriosyce]], [[Neowerdermannia]], [[Parodia]], [[Yavia]]
** Tribe Cereeae [cite: 16, 715, 1403]
** Tribe [[Cereeae]]
*** Subtribe Uebelmanniinae [cite: 715, 1430]
*** Subtribe [[Uebelmanniinae]]
**** ''Uebelmannia'' [cite: 715, 1433]
**** [[Uebelmannia]]
*** Subtribe Aylosterinae [cite: 16, 715, 1437]
*** Subtribe [[Aylosterinae]]
**** ''Aylostera'' [cite: 715, 1439]
**** [[Aylostera]]
*** Subtribe Rebutiinae [cite: 16, 715, 1450]
*** Subtribe [[Rebutiinae]]
**** ''Browningia, Rebutia, Weingartia'' [cite: 715, 1454-1456]
**** [[Browningia]], [[Rebutia]], [[Weingartia]]
*** Subtribe Gymnocalyciinae [cite: 16, 715, 1464]
*** Subtribe [[Gymnocalyciinae]]
**** ''Gymnocalycium'' [cite: 715, 1466]
**** [[Gymnocalycium]]
*** Subtribe Cereinae [cite: 16, 715, 1476]
*** Subtribe [[Cereinae]]
**** ''Arrojadoa, Brasilicereus, Cereus, Cipocereus, Coleocephalocereus, Discocactus, Espostoopsis, Facheiroa, Floribunda, Lagenosocereus, Leocereus, Melocactus, Micranthocereus, Pierrebraunia, Pilosocereus, Praecereus, Siccobaccatus, Stephanocereus, Stetsonia, Xiquexique'' [cite: 722, 1529-1544]
**** [[Arrojadoa]], [[Brasilicereus]], [[Cereus]], [[Cipocereus]], [[Coleocephalocereus]], [[Discocactus]], [[Espostoopsis]], [[Facheiroa]], [[Floribunda]], [[Lagenosocereus]], [[Leocereus]], [[Melocactus]], [[Micranthocereus]], [[Pierrebraunia]], [[Pilosocereus]], [[Praecereus]], [[Siccobaccatus]], [[Stephanocereus]], [[Stetsonia]], [[Xiquexique]]
*** Subtribe Reicheocactinae [cite: 16, 715, 1588]
*** Subtribe [[Reicheocactinae]]
**** ''Reicheocactus'' [cite: 715, 1591]
**** [[Reicheocactus]]
*** Subtribe Trichocereinae [cite: 16, 715, 1596]
*** Subtribe [[Trichocereinae]]
**** ''Acanthocalycium, Arthrocereus, Borzicactus, Cephalocleistocactus, Cleistocactus, Cremnocereus, Denmoza, Echinopsis, Espostoa, Haageocereus, Harrisia, Lasiocereus, Leucostele, Matucana, Mila, Oreocereus, Oroya, Pygmaeocereus, Rauhocereus, Samaipaticereus, Setiechinopsis, Vatricania, Weberbauerocereus, Winterocereus, Yungasocereus'' [cite: 722, 1633-1634, 1644-1647, 1656-1662, 1676-1686]
**** [[Acanthocalycium]], [[Arthrocereus]], [[Borzicactus]], [[Cephalocleistocactus]], [[Cleistocactus]], [[Cremnocereus]], [[Denmoza]], [[Echinopsis]], [[Espostoa]], [[Haageocereus]], [[Harrisia]], [[Lasiocereus]], [[Leucostele]], [[Matucana]], [[Mila]], [[Oreocereus]], [[Oroya]], [[Pygmaeocereus]], [[Rauhocereus]], [[Samaipaticereus]], [[Setiechinopsis]], [[Vatricania]], [[Weberbauerocereus]], [[Winterocereus]], [[Yungasocereus]]

Revision as of 10:04, 18 April 2026

Classification of Cactaceae (McGinnie et al., 2025)

This hierarchical list represents the updated classification of the cactus family. Paraphyletic taxa are indicated with an asterisk (*).

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