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'''International Encyclopedia of Cactaceae'''
'''International Encyclopedia of Cactaceae'''


''This classification strictly follows the Joël Lodé system (v1.19 - Updated 2019).''
''This classification strictly follows the Joël Lodé system (v1.19 - Updated 2019).''  
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== Family Cactaceae ==
== Family Cactaceae ==
The family is divided into four subfamilies.
The family is divided into four subfamilies. [cite: 95, 365]


=== I. Subfamily [[Pereskioideae]] ===
=== I. Subfamily [[Pereskioideae]] ===
* [[Leuenbergeria]], [[Pereskia]]  
* [[Pereskia]] [cite: 1, 367, 1538]


=== II. Subfamily [[Maihuenioideae]] ===
=== II. Subfamily [[Leuenbergerioideae]] ===
* [[Maihuenia]]  
* [[Leuenbergeria]] [cite: 1, 367, 1099]


=== III. Subfamily [[Opuntioideae]] ===
=== III. Subfamily [[Maihuenioideae]] ===
* [[Maihuenia]] [cite: 1, 367, 1436]
 
=== IV. Subfamily [[Opuntioideae]] ===


==== Tribe Cylindropuntieae ====
==== Tribe Cylindropuntieae ====
** [[Cylindropuntia]], [[Corynopuntia]], [[Grusonia]], [[Micropuntia]], [[Pereskiopsis]], [[Quiabentia]]  
** [[Corynopuntia]], [[Cylindropuntia]], [[Grusonia]], [[Micropuntia]], [[Pereskiopsis]], [[Quiabentia]] [cite: 1, 372]


==== Tribe Opuntieae ====
==== Tribe Opuntieae ====
** [[Airampoa]], [[Brasiliopuntia]], [[Consolea]], [[Miqueliopuntia]], [[Opuntia]] (incl. [[Nopalea]]), [[Salmonopuntia]], [[Tacinga]]  
** [[Airampoa]], [[Brasiliopuntia]], [[Consolea]], [[Miqueliopuntia]], [[Opuntia]] (incl. [[Nopalea]]), [[Salmonopuntia]], [[Tacinga]] [cite: 1, 373, 2067]


==== Tribe Tephrocacteae ====
==== Tribe Tephrocacteae ====
** [[Austrocylindropuntia]], [[Cumulopuntia]], [[Maihueniopsis]], [[Pterocactus]], [[Punotia]], [[Tephrocactus]]  
** [[Austrocylindropuntia]], [[Cumulopuntia]], [[Maihueniopsis]], [[Pterocactus]], [[Punotia]], [[Tephrocactus]] [cite: 1, 373, 1812]


=== IV. Subfamily [[Cactoideae]] ===
=== V. Subfamily [[Cactoideae]] ===


==== Tribe Blossfeldieae ====
==== Tribe Blossfeldieae ====
** [[Blossfeldia]]  
** [[Blossfeldia]] [cite: 1, 380, 900]


==== Tribe Cacteae ====
==== Tribe Cacteae ====
** [[Acharagma]], [[Ancistrocactus]], [[Ariocarpus]], [[Astrophytum]], [[Aztekium]], [[Cochemiea]], [[Coryphantha]], [[Cumarinia]], [[Echinocactus]], [[Echinofossulocactus]], [[Echinomastus]], [[Epithelantha]], [[Escobaria]], [[Ferocactus]], [[Geohintonia]], [[Glandulicactus]], [[Homalocephala]], [[Kadenicarpus]], [[Kroenleinia]], [[Leuchtenbergia]], [[Lophophora]], [[Mammillaria]], [[Neolloydia]], [[Obregonia]], [[Ortegocactus]], [[Pediocactus]], [[Pelecyphora]], [[Rapicactus]], [[Sclerocactus]], [[Strombocactus]], [[Thelocactus]], [[Turbinicarpus]]  
** [[Acharagma]], [[Ancistrocactus]], [[Ariocarpus]], [[Astrophytum]], [[Aztekium]], [[Cochemiea]], [[Coryphantha]], [[Cumarinia]], [[Echinocactus]], [[Echinofossulocactus]], [[Echinomastus]], [[Epithelantha]], [[Escobaria]], [[Ferocactus]], [[Geohintonia]], [[Glandulicactus]], [[Homalocephala]], [[Kadenicarpus]], [[Kroenleinia]], [[Leuchtenbergia]], [[Lophophora]], [[Mammillaria]], [[Neolloydia]], [[Obregonia]], [[Ortegocactus]], [[Pediocactus]], [[Pelecyphora]], [[Rapicactus]], [[Sclerocactus]], [[Strombocactus]], [[Thelocactus]], [[Turbinicarpus]] [cite: 1, 402, 1077]


==== Tribe Cereeae ====
==== Tribe Cereeae ====


===== Subtribe Cereinae =====
===== Subtribe Cereinae =====
*** [[Arrojadoa]], [[Bragaia]], [[Brasilicereus]], [[Cereus]], [[Cipocereus]], [[Coleocephalocereus]], [[Discocactus]], [[Melocactus]], [[Micranthocereus]], [[Pierrebraunia]], [[Pilosocereus]], [[Praecereus]], [[Stephanocereus]], [[Uebelmannia]]  
*** [[Arrojadoa]], [[Bragaia]], [[Brasilicereus]], [[Cereus]], [[Cipocereus]], [[Coleocephalocereus]], [[Discocactus]], [[Espostoopsis]], [[Estevesia]], [[Facheiroa]], [[Floribunda]], [[Lagenosocereus]], [[Leocereus]], [[Melocactus]], [[Micranthocereus]], [[Monvillea]], [[Pierrebraunia]], [[Pilosocereus]], [[Praecereus]], [[Siccobaccatus]], [[Stephanocereus]], [[Stetsonia]], [[Uebelmannia]] [cite: 1, 397, 2233]


===== Subtribe Rebutiinae =====
===== Subtribe Rebutiinae =====
*** [[Aylostera]], [[Browningia]], [[Rebutia]], [[Weingartia]]  
*** [[Aylostera]], [[Azureocereus]], [[Browningia]], [[Lasiocereus]], [[Rebutia]], [[Weingartia]] [cite: 1, 399, 2487]


===== Subtribe Trichocereinae =====
===== Subtribe Trichocereinae =====
*** [[Acanthocalycium]], [[Arthrocereus]], [[Azureocereus]], [[Borzicactus]], [[Cephalocleistocactus]], [[Cleistocactus]], [[Cremnocereus]], [[Denmoza]], [[Espostoa]], [[Espostoopsis]], [[Facheiroa]], [[Gymnocalycium]], [[Haageocereus]], [[Harrisia]], [[Lasiocereus]], [[Lobivia]], [[Matucana]], [[Mila]], [[Oreocereus]], [[Oroya]], [[Rauhocereus]], [[Reicheocactus]], [[Samaipaticereus]], [[Trichocereus]], [[Vatricania]], [[Weberbauerocereus]], [[Yungasocereus]]  
*** [[Acanthocalycium]], [[Arthrocereus]], [[Borzicactus]], [[Cephalocleistocactus]], [[Cleistocactus]], [[Cremnocereus]], [[Denmoza]], [[Echinopsis]], [[Espostooa]], [[Gymnocalycium]], [[Haageocereus]], [[Harrisia]], [[Lobivia]], [[Loxanthocereus]], [[Matucana]], [[Mila]], [[Oreocereus]], [[Oroya]], [[Rauhocereus]], [[Reicheocactus]], [[Samaipaticereus]], [[Setiechinopsis]], [[Trichocereus]], [[Vatricania]], [[Weberbauerocereus]], [[Yungasocereus]] [cite: 1, 399, 1957, 2464]


==== Tribe Copiapoeae ====
==== Tribe Copiapoeae ====
** [[Copiapoa]]  
** [[Copiapoa]] [cite: 1, 380, 953]
 
==== Tribe Hylocereeae ====
** [[Acanthocereus]], [[Aporocactus]], [[Deamia]], [[Disocactus]], [[Epiphyllum]], [[Kimnachia]], [[Pseudorhipsalis]], [[Selenicereus]], [[Strophocactus]], [[Weberocereus]]  


==== Tribe Lymanbensonieae ====
==== Tribe Lymanbensonieae ====
** [[Calymmanthium]], [[Lymanbensonia]]  
** [[Calymmanthium]], [[Lymanbensonia]] [cite: 1, 390, 1114]


==== Tribe Notocacteae ====
==== Tribe Notocacteae ====
** [[Acanthocephala]], [[Bolivicactus]], [[Brasiliparodia]], [[Eriocephala]], [[Eriosyce]], [[Frailea]], [[Islaya]], [[Neowerdermannia]], [[Notocactus]], [[Parodia]], [[Rimacactus]], [[Wigginsia]], [[Yavia]]  
** [[Acanthocephala]], [[Bolivicactus]], [[Brasiliparodia]], [[Eriocephala]], [[Eriosyce]], [[Frailea]], [[Islaya]], [[Neowerdermannia]], [[Notocactus]], [[Parodia]], [[Rimacactus]], [[Wigginsia]], [[Yavia]] [cite: 1, 390, 2491, 2493]
 
==== Tribe Pachycereeae ====
** [[Backebergia]], [[Bergerocactus]], [[Carnegiea]], [[Cephalocereus]], [[Escontria]], [[Isolatocereus]], [[Lemaireocereus]], [[Lophocereus]], [[Marshallocereus]], [[Mitrocereus]], [[Myrtillocactus]], [[Neobuxbaumia]], [[Pachycereus]], [[Peniocereus]], [[Polaskia]], [[Pterocereus]], [[Stenocereus]], [[Stetsonia]]  


==== Tribe Phyllocacteae ====
==== Tribe Phyllocacteae ====


===== Subtribe Corryocactinae =====
===== Subtribe Corryocactinae =====
*** [[Armatocereus]], [[Austrocactus]], [[Brachycereus]], [[Castellanosia]], [[Corryocactus]], [[Dendrocereus]], [[Eulychnia]], [[Jasminocereus]], [[Neoraimondia]]  
*** [[Armatocereus]], [[Austrocactus]], [[Brachycereus]], [[Castellanosia]], [[Corryocactus]], [[Dendrocereus]], [[Eulychnia]], [[Jasminocereus]], [[Leptocereus]], [[Neoraimondia]], [[Pfeiffera]] [cite: 1, 385, 1546]


===== Subtribe Echinocereinae =====
===== Subtribe Echinocereinae =====
*** [[Echinocereus]], [[Morangaya]]  
*** [[Acanthocereus]], [[Backebergia]], [[Bergerocactus]], [[Carnegiea]], [[Cephalocereus]], [[Echinocereus]], [[Escontria]], [[Isolatocereus]], [[Lemaireocereus]], [[Lophocereus]], [[Marshallocereus]], [[Mitrocereus]], [[Morangaya]], [[Myrtillocactus]], [[Neobuxbaumia]], [[Nyctocereus]], [[Pachycereus]], [[Peniocereus]], [[Polaskia]], [[Pseudoacanthocereus]], [[Pterocereus]], [[Stenocereus]], [[Strophocactus]] [cite: 1, 386, 2263, 2377]


===== Subtribe Pfeifferinae =====
===== Subtribe Hylocereinae =====
*** [[Leocereus]], [[Pfeiffera]]  
*** [[Aporocactus]], [[Deamia]], [[Disocactus]], [[Epiphyllum]], [[Kimnachia]], [[Marniera]], [[Pseudorhipsalis]], [[Selenicereus]], [[Weberocereus]] [cite: 1, 387, 1452]


==== Tribe Rhipsalideae ====
==== Tribe Rhipsalideae ====
** [[Hatiora]], [[Lepismium]], [[Rhipsalis]], [[Schlumbergera]]  
** [[Hatiora]], [[Lepismium]], [[Rhipsalidopsis]], [[Rhipsalis]], [[Schlumbergera]] [cite: 1, 390, 1964, 1989]


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== Notes ==
== Notes ==
* This classification follows the Joël Lodé system (v1.19), updated with the 2019 "blue/red" revisions.
* This classification strictly follows the Joël Lodé system (v1.19), based on his final updates in December 2019.
* '''Rehabilitated genera:''' Includes [[Homalocephala]], [[Deamia]], [[Kadenicarpus]], and [[Ancistrocactus]].
* '''Leuenbergerioideae''' is now recognized as a distinct subfamily for the "Northern clade" of former Pereskia. [cite: 1, 1099, 1539]
* '''New genera:''' Added [[Cremnocereus]] and [[Kimnachia]].
* '''Rehabilitated genera (2019):''' Includes [[Homalocephala]], [[Deamia]], [[Kadenicarpus]], [[Ancistrocactus]], [[Rhipsalidopsis]], and [[Salmonopuntia]].  
* '''Deleted genera:''' [[Cryptocereus]] and [[Heliocereus]] are merged into related taxa per DNA studies.
* '''New genera:''' Added [[Cremnocereus]] and [[Kimnachia]].  
* '''Echinopsis alliance:''' Lodé maintains the separation of [[Trichocereus]], [[Lobivia]], and [[Soehrensia]] (included in Lobivia here) from [[Echinopsis]] s.s. [cite: 1, 1104, 2468]


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Revision as of 16:50, 5 April 2026

M🌵J Cactus Wiki

International Encyclopedia of Cactaceae

This classification strictly follows the Joël Lodé system (v1.19 - Updated 2019).

Family Cactaceae

The family is divided into four subfamilies. [cite: 95, 365]

I. Subfamily Pereskioideae

II. Subfamily Leuenbergerioideae

III. Subfamily Maihuenioideae

IV. Subfamily Opuntioideae

Tribe Cylindropuntieae

Tribe Opuntieae

Tribe Tephrocacteae

V. Subfamily Cactoideae

Tribe Blossfeldieae

Tribe Cacteae

Tribe Cereeae

Subtribe Cereinae
Subtribe Rebutiinae
Subtribe Trichocereinae

Tribe Copiapoeae

Tribe Lymanbensonieae

Tribe Notocacteae

Tribe Phyllocacteae

Subtribe Corryocactinae
Subtribe Echinocereinae
Subtribe Hylocereinae

Tribe Rhipsalideae

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Notes

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